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action – Art through the Cinematic Lens https://artthroughcinema.com Movie reviews by students in art history at Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania Thu, 16 Jan 2020 02:02:39 +0000 en hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.3 Troy, by Leo Shultz https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/troy-by-leo-shultz/ Thu, 16 Jan 2020 02:02:39 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=335 I highly rate the movie Troy for two major reasons. First, the movie is action packed so there is never a dull moment in the movie, whether we are looking at the love affair between Paris and Helen or the fight scenes with Achilles. The second reason is because the movie is full of art and art aspects ranging from the costumes worn by the actors and actresses as well as sculptures, such as the depiction of Apollo which I will discuss further into the paper.

To open up this review I need you to know that I am an accountant so I often look at the financial aspects of everything whether that be the financials of a business, an individual, or even a movie production. The movie of Troy had a budget of a whopping one hundred and seventy-five million dollars which in perspective is relatively high because the movie 300’s budget was only sixty-five million. Troy’s goliath of a budget might have something to do with the participation of Brad Pitt as well as the depth of the enormous cast. As it turns out this immense budget was a perfectly calculated investment because the movie grossed a total of four hundred and ninety-seven million dollars.

As for the acting between the cast of the movie I believe it was very well done with the help of well-known actors such as Brad Pitt, Orlando Bloom, Diane Kruger, and Brian Cox. Having these actors and actresses in their specific roles was an amazing decision because their personalities run parallel with their characters that they have to portray in the film. For example, having Brad Pitt as Achilles was an amazing decision because he is the most known actor on the cast list so it is only fitting he gets the main role. His character of Achilles is also a character who is greatly valued in the movie as an amazing warrior, but surprisingly he is an even better friend. We can see he is an amazing fighter throughout the myriad of battle scenes in Troy, but a key moment in the movie that proves he is an even better friend than a warrior is when he takes the maiden of Apollo out of the danger that she is in when she was taken as a part of the spoils of war. This is a pivotal part of the movie because this scene shapes Achilles’ personality beyond just a fighter. These respective scenes help show that Achilles was a lover and a fighter, as he was known for in mythology. Also, it is important that he took her in because she had just vowed her abstinence in the name of Apollo, even though in the movie they desecrated Apollo’s temple by cutting the statue of Apollo’s head off. The other two actors I want to speak on are Orlando Bloom and Brian Cox respectively. Orlando Bloom plays Paris perfectly because he is a younger actor yet he is also a heartthrob of the movie because he is the whole reason the movie even takes place because he takes Helen (Diane Kruger) to be his wife in Troy. In history, Paris actually was just a kid who found love in a married woman, but he didn’t care much for fighting and that is portrayed in the movie as well. Lastly, on Brian Cox he is the perfect man to appear as Agamemnon because Brian is a coarse, grizzly man who rules with an iron fist as was Agamemnon. Agamemnon is known in the history books as one of the worst and most cruel leaders and he is seen in that light through the movie’s representation of him.

As I have been alluding to in the prior paragraphs one of the major scenes in the movie in terms of art purposes is the scene where they chop off the head of Apollo out front of his own temple. This Apollo statue is meaningful because it is made of all gold or at least material that appears gold. This material is important because Apollo in Greek mythology is the sun god so this material is meant to resemble the sun which is what he is the god of. Statues were commissioned in the first place to resemble power to people such as kings or emperors, but in this case, the statue is aligned with the strength and the power of the city of Troy. That is why the action of chopping his head off was so detrimental to the people of Troy. The action of desecrating the temple was to tell the people of Troy that they were there and that they did not care for their beliefs and they do not respect them or their gods. The last aspect of art that I would like to discuss is the use of costumes within the movie, and how the costumes played an important part in the depiction of people and groups of people. First I want to talk about how all of the people in power specifically the males they were all seen in some type of armor throughout the movie and on the inverse for the ladies that were in power they would typically wear long flowing dresses and that is how you could depict them. Then we had the Myrmidons and I am using them as a specific example because they are a group that is lead by only Achilles and will not listen to Agamemnon even though they are a part of his army. These Myrmidons are seen wearing all black armor sets with no sleeves, but gauntlets and they wear boots and helmets. The costumes were seen being worn in the scene where the Myrmidons are sailing to Troy to fight with Agamemnon. These costumes play a vital role in the movie when Achilles’ nephew, Patroclus, wanted to fight Hector, he threw on Achilles’ armor set because otherwise he would not be allowed to fight. So by wearing this armor set he deceived everyone into thinking that he was Achilles so that he would be able to fight only to be slain in the confrontation with Hector. After all of this is said and done Achilles gets shot in the ankle, the city of Troy is ransacked, and Paris leads the people of Troy to a new land wielding the sword of Troy. For these reasons listed above I believe that the movie of Troy was well directed, had accurate representations of people, places, and art, and finally was historically accurate through their character list of Agamemnon, Hector, Paris, and Achilles, also with the setting of Troy and the surrounding lands.

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The Last Samurai, by Julian Nadachowski https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/the-last-samurai-by-julian-nadachowski/ Wed, 15 Jan 2020 17:00:15 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=321 The Last Samurai, directed by Edward Zwick is a dramatic action movie, taking place in Japan after the American Civil War. The film displays Japanese culture in 1876. The filmmakers accurately, as well as inaccurately, portray Japanese culture during this time period. They use outfits, architecture, language, and other cultural aspects to depict the samurai way of life, while adding their own touch of Hollywood as well. As you will see, I was able to find a few similarities to what I have learned in my various art history classes, too.

The film begins as Civil War veteran Captain Nathan Algren is being introduced as a high class, distinguished soldier. Captain Algren drunkenly goes on stage, and is ultimately fired. He is met by an old colleague, who offers him job training the Japanese Emperor’s army. Later, they meet with Japanese representative, Omura who states he is specifically looking for a white man with experience in war to train the emperor’s army. Captain Algren is obviously shown to be a man suffering from PTSD, so at first he denies the job but is eventually convinced. Omura explains to Algren that the emperor is seeking a modern western infantry and training for his army. Eventually, Captain Algren and his superior Colonel Bagley are shipped to Japan where they are met by an American translator who lives in Japan, Simon Graham.

Graham brings the two American soldiers to Emperor Meiji’s palace. As they are walking up the many stairs that lead to the palace, Graham explains to Algren and Bagley a few Japanese customs: if the emperor stands, one must bow and if the emperor bows, one must bow lower. He also explains that for two thousand years no “commoner” would have seen the emperor in person, how honored they should feel for being granted permission, which is historically accurate. As they entered the palace I noticed a few familiar details. I realized that a lot of the Japanese culture depicted in the film was very similar to what I have learned in an art history class at Bloomsburg University, about China during the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was the final imperial dynasty in China, lasting from 1644 to 1912. It was an era noted for its initial prosperity and tumultuous final years, and for being only the second time that China was not ruled by the Han people. For example, the color scheme of the palace. While being a classic Japanese meeting room with wide-open space, bamboo curtains, and/or sliding doors separating each room, there is an overwhelming amount of yellows and reds painted all around the room.
Along with that similarity to China, there was also a golden five claw lion on the ground in front of the emperor, who was sitting in the shadows of a tented area. The sliding doors were painted with cherry blossom trees, which would’ve been common during that time period in Japan.

Although these details are accurate, after further research I was able to find some inaccurate details about this specific scene, as well. Although the two American soldiers are accurately dressed and equipped with their formal uniform and sword, this detail was added in by filmmakers. No man, and especially a foreigner would be allowed in the presence of the Emperor
whiled armed with any type of weapons. As the film continues, Captain Algren trains the emperor’s army and equips them accurately with western weapons like rifles with bayonets, pistols, and swords. They train for a few weeks, but unpreparedly go into a small battle with the samurai. The samurai, although accurately equipped with the correct weaponry, are inaccurately dressed in formal armor. After further research, I found that the armor worn in the film was accurate to the samurai, although it was an inaccurate time in history; they would not have been wearing that specific armor. In this scene, the emperor’s army is forced to retreat, and is slaughtered by a flanking group of samurai. Captain Algren is captured along with one of the emperor’s army superiors, General Hasewaga. General Hasewaga is said to be a former samurai, who was considered a traitor by the samurai. As Algren is being carried away, General Hasewaga is shown on his knees, surrounded by samurai warriors. General Hasewaga then drives a blade into his stomach, and is beheaded by Katsumoto, a samurai leader. The detail of the beheading is not entirely accurate, but a samurai leader very well may have done this to a well-known enemy or prisoner. This part of the scene is fairly accurate too, because the dishonor of being a traitor would ultimately result in suicide by a samurai, specifically called seppuku. Seppuku is a form of ritual suicide that originated with Japan’s ancient samurai warrior class. The grisly act typically involved stabbing oneself in the belly with a short sword, slicing open the stomach and then turning the blade upwards to ensure a fatal wound. This part of the film would be an educational, gruesome attention-getter, to inform the viewer while at the same time being an entertaining aspect.

Another accurate detail is the religion of the samurai. Katsumoto is shown kneeling before a statue of Buddha praying. This is accurate to the religion in Japan in the 1800s, and after learning about China during the Qing Dynasty, I realized this is also another related fact to China during the Qing Dynasty. The film progresses as the captured Captain Algren is initially kept alive to learn about the emperor’s new army, but eventually is found learning the samurai way of life and fighting with them in battle. He learns how to properly wield a samurai sword and spear, along with how to live by samurai customs.

The Last Samurai is a well-plotted movie, and for the majority of the movie is historically accurate in the way they depict Japan in the 1800s. It is an action-filled, gory drama where the main characters are often faced with hard decisions one would not face on a normal basis. Although the filmmakers added a touch of inaccurate details like outfits and customs, to make the film more entertaining, I enjoyed the film and would recommend anyone should watch it if they are interested in the history of Japan and America in the 1800s, and are a fan of action movies.

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Avengers: Infinity War, by Maximus Clark https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/avengers-infinity-war-by-maximus-clark/ Tue, 14 Jan 2020 15:42:40 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=292 The 2018 movie Avengers: Infinity War is the first of a two-part finale, culminating over 18 previous marvel movies and over 10 years of work. The film is suspenseful, action-packed, hilarious, heartbreaking, and has some of the most impressive visual effects in the entire film industry. The movie had the fourth biggest budget of any film before it, and its amazing visuals are clearly representative of that fact. Everything from full characters, to small atmospheric additions, are animated, marking an achievement that couldn’t even be imagined 40 years ago.

Avengers: Infinity War is the third Avengers movie created by the Marvel franchise. Viewers get to follow the main villain Thanos on his quest to obtain the 6 elemental infinity stones scattered throughout the universe. Each stone controls an essential aspect of the universe such as space, power, time, soul, reality, and mind. Thanos planned to harness the combined power of all 6 stones to wipe out half of all life in the entire universe in an attempt to solve hunger, overpopulation, and other various problems plaguing hundreds of civilizations. Thanos is shown as an approximately 7-foot tall muscular titan, voiced and acted by Josh Brolin. In the past, it was very uncommon to have an entirely 3D CGI main character in a live-action movie for various reasons. First, how do you get a virtual 3D model to interact with real-world actors? The trick in many scenes in this movie was animating the main characters as well. During battle scenes, main heroes such as Iron Man, Spiderman, The Hulk, Black Panther, and others were also 3D models. This way, animators could much more easily have character interaction, which is necessary in a combat-heavy sci-fi superhero action movie. Computer animation wasn’t used until 1973, and it was a revolutionary upgrade from independent practical effects. However, it wasn’t perfect, it continued to evolve year after year, and still continues to do so today. 

One of the most difficult things for professional animators to create is a realistic face. Thanos is an excellent example of a near-perfect facial construction, something that many movies of the past struggle to do. Animating a face that looks indistinguishably realistic and one that is comparable to that of a real human is no easy feat. Every minor detail such as a character’s pores, skin movement, mouth shape, scar tissue, bone structure, and many other factors all affect each other when someone does something as simple as speaking. In order to achieve this indistinguishability, these CGI artists must meet the criteria that determine the realism of a face. DC’s 2017 Justice League is a great example of subpar animation, specifically on the facial reconstruction of Superman. Henry Cavill (the actor of Superman) needed to keep an unshaved mustache as part of his contract for another film, meaning a team of animators worked on recreating his head and face to give the illusion that it was still him. Unfortunately, they faulted mainly on the mouth movements, making him look inhuman and awkward. However, Marvel’s Thanos is a much different story. They wanted him to resemble his actor Josh Brolin despite Thanos being a huge purple alien who barely resembles a human. In general terms, the team of animators created a scan copy of Josh Brolin doing a series of different facial expressions to map how it moved. They then took this data and ran it through a variety of different simulations to create facial features that interact with each other such as pores, remnants of facial hair, scars, etc. From there they designed the rest of his head and body, which was then the replacement of Josh Brolin when Thanos needed to interact with non-CGI things. They did this by using the movements captured by the motion-tracking suit that Brolin was wearing while filming to get a basis for the movements of Thanos. They proceeded to then remove Brolin from the picture replacing him with their newly made model of this giant purple titan.

To put into perspective how artistically talented these animators are, think about the fact that Thanos is one character. Hours upon hours were put into making him alone, yet Avengers: Infinity War has more than a dozen other CGI characters as well as animated environments, vehicles, creatures, magic, planets, stars, weapons, and more. You could say other films or shows of the past have done this, such as many of Disney’s or Pixar’s animated pictures, but none have been able to compare to the indistinguishable realism from the combination of practical and visual effects in this movie. 

Overall, Marvel’s Avengers Infinity War is a fantastic surreal artistic masterpiece both visually and through a storytelling perspective. The adept artistry of the intricacies that older movies failed to create mark this film as a glorious achievement in the entire film industry. Movies such as The Mummy, X-Men Origins, and Green Lantern all feature main characters that are laughable in quality in comparison to the detail behind Thanos. Ironically, Thanos ended up accomplishing his mission to obliterate half of all life, and yet the artisanship of his character is seen as a crowning achievement.

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Troy, by Josh Carter https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/troy-by-josh-carter/ Tue, 14 Jan 2020 15:27:06 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=286 Wolfgang Peterson’s film Troy is based on the Trojan Wars that took place in Greece thousands of years ago. Unfortunately, there is too much story to fit into a two hour and forty-five-minute film, but overall it condenses the most important parts into an engaging film. The film starts with introducing us to Achilles (Brad Pitt), who is a highly-skilled Greek warrior known to be nearly invincible in every way. Achilles’ only motive in the world is to have his name remembered throughout the ages. Achilles resents answering to the Greek King Agamemnon (Brian Cox), who sees Achilles as a threat to his empire. Although he despises Achilles, he knows how important Achilles is in order to achieve victories. In the opening scene, we get to see the Achilles take on a seven-foot-tall warrior and take him down with one swing of his sword.

The next two stars of the movie are the two princes of Troy, Hector (Eric Bana) and Paris (Orlando Bloom). The two are on a diplomatic mission to sign a peace treaty with the king of Sparta Menelaus (Brendan Gleeson). Following Greek mythology, Paris falls in love with Sparta’s queen, Helen (Diane Kruger) and takes her back to Troy which initiates the war. After negotiations, Paris sneaks Helen onto the Trojan’s ship and they sail back to Troy. Not too long later Menelaus discovers this and goes to his brother Agamemnon (Brian Cox), who rules over most of Greece, to start what becomes known as the Trojan Wars.

Some may argue that it’s hard to make a battle exciting when the ending is already known (those who are aware of the historical context), but I disagree. I was completely engaged during all of the battle scenes. The war begins and one thousand ships are deployed to attack Troy and reclaim Helen, and in the front of the fleet is Achilles’s ship. The opening scene didn’t show us enough of how strong the mighty Achilles really is, now we get to see him, and his fifty men take on hundreds of Trojans. In single combat, Achilles has a distinctive fighting style. He prefers the long run-up and then leaps into the air to slay his enemy, as seen throughout several parts of the movie. 

The Greeks arrive at Troy and attack the walled city, lead by Achilles who takes the beach of Troy with just fifty men. Throughout the film and just as most Greeks did back then, we see Greeks make many tributes to the Gods. One of the tributes that the Trojans made was a temple and a large beautiful statue of the sun god Apollo. After Achilles’s victory he cuts off the head of the statue, which was his way of saying the gods don’t decide fate, we do. Later before the two major armies clash, Paris and Menelaus have a single combat duel and the winner gets to keep Helen. The camera zooms out on the battlefield to show the two massive armies standing and watching as two men face off. Orlando Bloom is just coming off the successful Lord of the Rings movies, where he plays as Legolas, a powerful elven warrior. In this case, however, we see the exact opposite of a warrior and that is a frightened little boy who looked like he had never held a sword in his life.

Later in the movie Achilles and Hector finally have the showdown we have all been waiting for. The two most powerful warriors in all of Greece face off in front of the great wall of Troy. Hector gives Achilles his toughest battle he has ever faced, but even Hector is not good enough to defeat Achilles. Achilles defeats Hector and from that point on the Greek army has all the advantage they could ever need. After the loss of Hector, the film then portrays the famous Trojan Horse scene (those who know the historical context know). The plan was created by Odysseus according to history, but they do not show the formation of the plan in the film. Then just like most movies of this nature (Gladiator), the main character meets his end after he finally finds peace. The mighty Achilles meets his end by the hands of Paris, to avenge his fallen brother Hector. 

Despite some shortcomings, there were many things I enjoyed about Troy. I may be a little biased because I enjoy historically based movies, but I believe they did a good job considering how little is known about the real Troy. Not much is known about the Trojan Wars except little pieces of history that have been found on archeological digs. The goal of this movie was to portray a significant part of ancient Greek culture based on what we currently know about the Trojan Wars. I found myself closely watching and listening more often than not but considering it is three hours, the average viewer may deserve a little more to keep them interested. Audiences should get the impressions that Ancient Greece was beautiful in terms of climate, architecture, and art, but was also a time of war, sickness, and pettiness. If you are looking for a love story with plenty of character development this is not the film for you. The best historical based films work when both visual and emotional qualities. As I stated already the goal of the film was to portray the Trojan Wars to the best of their ability, so it’s understandable that they didn’t spend a great amount of time on character development. Peterson nailed it when it comes to battle scenes but fell short when it comes to believable characters.

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Percy Jackson and the Olympians, The Lightning Thief, by Joey Roberts https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/percy-jackson-and-the-olympians-the-lightning-thief-by-joey-roberts/ Wed, 12 Dec 2018 18:00:05 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=125 Percy Jackson and the Olympians, The Lightning Thief (2010), is a movie based on the first book of Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olympians series (2005).  This film is a fast pace action and fantasy motion picture distributed by 20th Century Fox. The Lightning Thief (2010) puts a modern-day twist on ideas from ancient Greek culture.

This movie follows Percy Jackson (Logan Lerman) who has been accused of stealing Zeus’ lightning bolt and his two friends, Annabeth (Alexandra Daddario) and Grover (Brandon T.Jackson). As they race against the clock to save Percy’s mother who has been captured by the god of the under-world Hades (Steve Coogan) as well as find and return the source of Zeus’ power and stop a war between the Greek gods.  On their way to the under-world they must find three of Persephone’s pearls (pearls that are able to transport anyone to anywhere in the world) that have been scattered across the United States, but to retrieve these pearls they must face challenging enemies that want to stop them and steal the lightning bolt that Percy has been accused of taking.  Once they have retrieved these pearls, they enter the under-world to save Percy’s mother and find the lightning bolt.  After finding the bolt the group uses the pearls to get out of Hades and go to Mount Olympus (home of the gods) to return Zeus’ prized possession. 

It is no surprise that this film is heavily influenced by ancient Greek culture.  One of the ways that the directors are able to do this is by making or recreating art pieces that look like they would be from this time period.  In ancient Greece, the use of marble was very prominent in sculptures and buildings.  In the beginning of the movie Percy and his class end up at a museum of Roman and Greek art. In this museum we are able to see marble statues of Zeus and Poseidon. These statues are made from polished white marble and have indentations and curvature in the clothing, this adds a realistic element to the statues, while giving the viewer a feeling that they are watching something modern with hints of the ancient Greek time period.   Another thing that the directors do with this film is use an actual location/building in the United States that is based on Greek culture, The Parthenon in Nashville Tennessee which is a full-sized replica of the original.  This building is used as a location for one off Persephone’s pearls and houses a replica of the statue of Athena. The building/set used for the movie uses marble columns that replicates the actual Parthenon itself. Unlike the actual replica of the Parthenon which has Athena wearing a gold dress, holding a gold bird, and wearing a gold crowns, the replica only wears a gold crown, which is has the pearl in the center of it and looks to be painted. This is apparent when Percy rips off the chunk that has the pearl and it shows that it is still white underneath. The architecture used really helps to add to the feeling of the Greek background in the movie.

In the movie Percy is taken to a camp (Camp Half-Blood) and is given a pen that can transform into a sword when you click it.  Camp Half-Blood was built to house other demi-gods like him to keep them safe from the outside world and the monsters it holds. In this scenery the campers wear a mixture of modern-day clothing with leather and metal armor.  This armor is meant to symbolize the kind that warriors would wear in times of battle and serves to protect the campers as they train to become fighters.  The campers would typically wear a leather chest plate as they went around doing daily tasks such as archery practice or spending time with their siblings and cousins, and in times of battle, or in this case, capture the flag, they would wear a metal helmet that didn’t cover their face and had either a blue or red plume (decoration on a helmet that looks a bit like a mohawk) to symbolize the team that each camper was on.  Along with being decked out in armor, each camper is given a sword and a shield.  Each shield was made of bronze and had some sort of marking on it to give the feel of truly being a shield used for Greek battles.  Just like the architecture, the armor shown in the movie helps to add to the historical Greek background that most of the characters have as well as reminding the viewer of the campers fighting/warrior instincts.

Mythical creatures play a key part in Greek lore. For instance, there are 12 main Greek Olympian gods and the film uses most of them to really capture the fantasy aspect of thefilm.  The movie uses Zeus (Sean Bean)and Poseidon (Kevin McKidd) as the main conflict point of this motion picture.  These two are hell-bent on starting a war with each other because of Zeus accusations against Poseidon’s Son, Percy.  Along with the Greek gods, the movie expands into this idea that these gods would come down to Earth and hook up with humans.  When they did this, they would typically have kids.  These kids are called demi-gods meaning they are half-human, half-god (Percy and Annabeth).  The story doesn’t just contain the human figures though, it also contains a few of the beasts/monsters that are mentioned throughout Greek lore. It contains satyrs (Grover), centaurs (Mr. Brunner/Chiron), as well as creatures that are not so friendly.  For example,at the beginning of the movie in the museum Percy is attacked by a Fury who is after the lightning bolt.  As a team, the three friends face Medusa (Uma Thurman) a Gorgon with a head of snakes who,with one look can turn any living thing into stone.  The gang must also take on Hydra in the Parthenon, a five headed dragon (the middle one spews fire) who can regrow twice the number of heads that are chopped off, this makes it one of the most challenging of the monsters that the group faces while set out to retrieve one of the pearls.  These creatures add a fantasy aspect to this movie and some of them help to add action with fast pace fight scenes.

This movie Percy Jackson and the Olympians, The Lightning Thief (2010), is a high paced action and fantasy motion picture that contains elements of ancient Greek culture.  I found this to be an excellent film to watch and really enjoyed the characters and plot development.  If there is someone out there who loves the Greek culture and is debating on whether or not they want to watch this movie, I would absolutely recommend it.  From the way that this movie ties in pieces of art such as statues like the marble ones in the beginning of the movie to the evil creatures the trio of heroes have to fight together, this movie does an astounding job at tying in those elements to the, now, more modern day world.

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Infinity War, by Conor Jones https://artthroughcinema.com/uncategorized/infinity-war-by-conor-jones/ Tue, 11 Dec 2018 15:54:33 +0000 http://artthroughcinema.com/?p=95 Works from artists have been adapted for the silver screen since the inception of the camera. In recent decades, those adaptions have taken inspiration from mediums such as comic books, graphic novels, and even video games. Drawings, stories,and countless hours of scrutiny from droves of artists telling superhuman tales have been taken straight from hundreds of hand crafted pages and onto the big screen. Marvel Studios has done just that with the creation and release of Avengers: Infinity War, directed by the Russo Brothers. This film is the result of over 20 different superhero flicks, each with their own personal adaption and interpretation of the popular heroes you may have grown up admiring. Each of these films have been helmed by, mostly, different writers and directors, taking characters and stories created by artists from years and years ago. With that being said, each story taken from the drawings to the screen has the personality and interpretation of the one creating the movie,and must be made to appeal to a more general and modern audience. Infinity War is no exception, but the execution is what should be set as the standard for art-to-film standard.

For more context, Infinity War is based upon the “Infinity Gauntlet” story arch from Marvel Comics, written by Jim Starlin and drawn by artists George Pérez and Ron Lim. To summarize the limited-series, the villain Thanos acquires six gems, each holding the power of different concepts of creation. Using a gauntlet crafted to control their power, he wipes out half of the life in al lthe universe with a single snap, to gain the affection of the living embodiment of Death. As that sounds on its own, only those very invested in the lore and storytelling of comic books would find the concept enticing. Therefore, both the story and art of the comics had to be altered to fit the appeal of an audience in 2018. Character designs and interactions had to not only be changed to work in a live-action setting, but also match the expectations of viewers who have watched each film leading up to the event.

Marvel Studios has incorporated a much more humorous tone in their films as opposed to the rather serious and straightforward approach of the original run of Infinity Gauntlet. Characters are in much more modern and shinier costumes, with hyper-advanced technology not seen in any hand-drawn creations and find themselves cracking jokes and quips even in the middle of life threatening battles. The bright colored and sometimes overly-revealing spandex costumes comic enthusiasts may be familiar with have been replaced with much more ‘cool’ and practical outfits. The best example of this would be in Spider-Man’s wardrobe. In the original Infinity Gauntlet run, Pere and Lim had drawn the wall crawler I his iconic red and blue suit as he traveled to space to fight the Mad Titan Thanos. In Infinity War, Peter Parker finds himself on an alien planet fighting in a high-tech costume created by Iron Man himself. This in of itself is both an adaption of an idea found in a different, more modern comic run titled “Civil War” and gives the audience a more familiar and exciting approach to the character while still staying true to the story and art crafted by Starlin, Perez, and Lim. The jokes never seem to fall short or out of place either,a concept that is all but nonexistent in the Infinity Gauntlet series.Characters are written to take the weight of the situation in a much better stride, a theme in Marvel films that has been made to let audiences feel more comfortable watching in an era where humor and excitement allows them to better immerse themselves in a movie and escape the real world for a while.

Visually, Marvel Studios had managed to both update decades old character designs for modern audiences as well as implement designs, costumes, and visuals from other popular comics to appease the hardcore fans. The antagonist, Thanos, sports a relatively lax attire for most of the film, with only a dark tank top, combat pants and boots, and the infamous gauntlet. While the gauntlet has very few changes from its original comic depiction, with perhaps just a bit more regalia, this change of wardrobe is far from the iconic look of the Mad Titan.During the Infinity Gauntlet run, Thanos wears an intimidating set of golden and purple armor, with colors and design accenting the stature and power of the character. While this armor set is included for just a moment in the film, his updated and minimal costume still manages to convey the sense of power that the originally drawn armor did. A character as powerful and determined as Thanos has always been drawn in full gear, ready for war at the drop of a hat, and his modern rendition gives off the sense of known accomplishment in that he no longer requires armor as his mission is already completed in his head. Two of the main Avengers, Spider-Man and Iron Man also sport new, sleek, and updated looks that are actually heavily influenced by popular costumes in more modern graphic novels. Iron Man, in the Infinity Gauntlet series, wears the classic and arguably clunky looking suit of power armor that would never transition well to the high-tech themes that the character has established in recent films. The work around to this was to incorporate a design seen in Invincible Iron Man Vol 2 #25, in which Tony Stark implants technology into his own bones to summon an Iron Mn suit on a whim. This idea and design is adapted from the hand-drawn pages to the big screen by having Stark create a small device on his chest which houses Nano-technology, allowing the same quick suit up. Spider-Man is another character that is given an upgrade for the big screen. Traditionally,Spider-Man faces off against Thanos wearing his classic red and blue suit, but modern audiences know by now that there is more than enough technology in this established universe for him to have a better edge in the fight. This presumption is answered by loosely-adapting the Iron Spider suit, first seen in The Amazing Spider-Man #529. Keeping true to the comic origin, this suit is crafted by Tony Stark for Peter Parker and even sports the four iconic mechanical spider legs protruding from the back. The only difference here would be the overall costume design, which strays from the red and gold colors that are seen on the pages. The updated design features more simple reds, blues,golds, and plenty of bright shiny lights. These three characters are the biggest example of how the drawn designs over decades of comic book artists work were adapted to film.

The overall motivations and executions of these artistic concepts has been adapted for a broader audience as well. The art of Infinity Gauntlet showcases more graphic situations than what most would accept in a 2018 comic book film. Characters being beaten to death, turned to glass, suffocated, and made into disgusting husks of their former selves were drawn by Perez and Lim as both a choice of artistic choice as well as compatibility with the severity of the story written by Starlin. The depictions of these brutal scenes were a product of the times in which these stories were drawn, where they were reserved for the pages of comics where only the dedicated would venture to. With a major blockbuster film, Marvel Studios and the Russo Brothers had adapted the story to take the themes of life and death in both a visual and conceptually different direction. That started with both changing the motivation of the main antagonist, Thanos. In Infinity Gauntlet, Thanos wishes to win the affection of Lady Death by creating both death and misery for the universe, as explained before. In Infinity War, this same character explains his motivations as “a simple calculus”, where resources are finite, and populations expand too greatly to feed every mouth. This concept is much more familiar with an audience in 2018, where some viewers were even split in the logic of the villain. Over population is absolutely a current problem, and some were very vocal in their understanding of Thanos’ plan, although terribly immoral. Death in general is toned down in the film, where Lady death is not a character a tall, and the gruesome deaths and suffering characters go through in Infinity Gauntlet are either reworked or left out altogether. While many of the iconic moments Perez and Lim had drawn make their way to the big screen, such as Thanos’ infamous snap or fights between the Avengers and the Mad Titan, Marvel Studios had chosen to rework much of their artistic choices to create something millions of fans would enjoy.

Overall, Infinity War does exactly what it set out to do. Create a film adapted from one of the most famous comic series for an audience of literally millions. Concepts and motivations from heroes and villains alike are updated to appeal and relate to the same issues that plague the world in 2018. Designs created by artists over the course of 20 years are revamped to give viewers a fresh take on superheroes they had grown up looking at. The art created by Jim Starlin, George Pérez and Ron Lim had been taken and reworked by a new generation of artists to evolve a legendary comic book into a historic film. Marvel Studios had taken their reputation from creating art through comic books to using that same art for the cinema and will continue to do so.

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